Conceptualising the energy efficiency first principle: insights from theory and practice

Abstract The Energy Efficiency First (EE1st) principle has recently been placed onto the political agenda in European Union (EU). While general rationale for EE1st is described EU legislation and supporting literature, a common understanding of principle’s implications energy-related planning, investment, policymaking still missing. Based on an exploratory review objective this article to improve theoretical EE1st. First, it develops conceptual framework, describing as decision-making that prioritises demand-side resources over supply-side alternatives whenever these provide greater value society meeting decision objectives. Second, highlights unique aspects by systematically comparing with associated concepts, such Integrated Resource Planning. Third, provides justification economic behind principle. Fourth, outlines policy considerations its practical implementation. In sum, shown have compelling background can help inform design effective interventions order move from practice.